Attractiveness of fermentation and related products to spotted wing Drosophila (Diptera: drosophilidae).

TitleAttractiveness of fermentation and related products to spotted wing Drosophila (Diptera: drosophilidae).
Publication TypeJournal Article
Year of Publication2014
AuthorsKleiber, JR, C Unelius, R, Lee, JC, Suckling, DMaxwell, Qian, MC, Bruck, DJ
JournalEnviron Entomol
Volume43
Issue2
Pagination439-47
Date Published2014 Apr
ISSN1938-2936
KeywordsAcetic Acid, Animals, Biological Assay, Drosophila, Fermentation, Fruit, Insect Control, Oregon, Saccharomycetales, Volatile Organic Compounds
Abstract

Laboratory screening bioassays and field trapping experiments of spotted wing drosophila flies, Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura) (Diptera: Drosophilidae), were conducted to determine the attractiveness of 17 compounds as well as to compare attractant efficiency during peak fruit ripeness and postharvest captures late in the season. Compounds structurally related to each of the fermentation products acetic acid, ethanol, ethyl acetate, and 2-phenethyl alcohol were screened for attractiveness compared with a soap water control in greenhouse cage bioassays. The compounds determined to be attractive in the greenhouse bioassay (methanol, ethanol, propanol, formic acid, acetic acid, ethyl acetate, propyl acetate, phenethyl acetate, phenethyl propionate, and phenethyl butyrate) were individually tested in the field added to apple cider vinegar (ACV). The acids were also tested individually in neutralized ACV (NACV; pH ≍7). Combinations of the compounds were tested in NACV. The capture numbers in ACV traps were not significantly increased by the addition of any of the compounds tested, although significant deterrent effects of some of the compounds allowed differences between treatments to be observed. Compounds that are most prevalent in wine and vinegar (methanol, ethanol, acetic acid, and ethyl acetate) as well as phenethyl propionate and phenethyl butyrate were less deterrent than the other compounds tested in the field. Captures during peak fruit ripeness were compared with the postharvest period when fruit hosts were not available or were overripe. Although the total number of flies captured late in the season was lower, the trends in treatment performance were similar, indicating a consistent performance of these baits from peak fruit ripeness through postharvest.

DOI10.1603/EN13224
Alternate JournalEnviron. Entomol.
PubMed ID24763098